Manufacture of springs.



i No. 791,753. I 'PATENTED JUNE 6, 1905. F. H. DANIELS & 0. s. MARSHALL.

' MANUFACTURE OF SPRINGS.

APPLICATION FILED II OV. 27, 1903.

-2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

I PATENTED JUNE 6,- 1905. F. H. DANIELS & O. S. MARSHALL.

MAN UFAOTURE 0P SPRINGS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 27, 1903.

' 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES Patented June 6, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE.

FRED H. DANIELS AND CLINTON S. MARSHALL, OF WORCESTER,

' MASSACHUSETTS.

MANUFACTURE OF SPRINGS.

SPECIFICATION forming part sf Letters Patent No. 791,753, dated June6,1905,

Application filed November 27, 1903. Serial No. 182,797-

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, FRED H. DANIELS and CLINTON S. MARSHALL, citizensof the United States, residing in Worcester, county of Worcester, Stateof Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inthe Manufacture of Springs; and we do;

hereby declare the following to be a full, clear,

and exact description of the invention, such as will enable othersskilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

1902, No. 716,679, we have illustrated, de-

scribed, and claimed a method of making spi-v ral coiled springs,conslsting 1n winding a rodv or wire with open convolutions of uniformpitch for a predetermined distance, continuing the winding for one ormore turns with the pitch diminished, so as to close the convolutions,restoring the original open pitch of the -convolutions withoutdiscontinuing'the winding, and finally severing the coil by cuttingclear across it in' a plane at right angles to its axis at the point ortions are closed.

The present invention is an improvement upon that of the above patent,particularly in respect of the manner of closing the convolutions andthe time when the severing of the coil takes place.

Instead of closing the convolutions at intervals during the windingoperation we now complete the winding before any closure of theconvolutions takes place. or compress the coil at certain points, so aspoints where the convoluto close the convolutions only where it is desired to sever the coil, and we then cut across the coil in a planeperpendicular to its aXis at the points where these closures occur. IThe accompanying drawings illustrate suitable machines for carrying outthis method.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of a machine for closing theconvolutions of the coil at desired points. Fig. 2 is a longitudinalsection of the same machine on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is across-section on the line 3 3, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a plan of asawingmachine for severing the coil at the points We then pinch thrownout ofoperation, so that the winding In the patent granted to us jointlywith Johan O. E. Trotz on the 23d day of December,

would proceed from one end of the coil to the other without interruptionin the pitch of its convolutions.

Having wound the coil in the manner described, adjacent convolutions areclosed together at whatever points it is desired to sever the coil bymeans of the compressing-machine shown in Fig. 1, where the bed aisshown provided with clamps b I) and c 0, each being formed in sections,as best shown in Figs. 1 and 3, so as toopen to receive the coil andclose to clamp it firmly. Y The sections of the clamps are mounted uponplates cl (Z, that slide in ways on the bed-plate and are held theretoby strips 6 e, and the plates 0? cl are moved toward and from eachother,so as to open and close the clamps, by means of levers ff, whichare pivoted on the bed a and are connected at one end with the platesand are operated simultaneously in opposite directions by means ofoppositely-grooved cams g g on the'main shaft it of the machine.

The clamps have cylindrical inner surfaces corresponding in diameter tothe outer periphery of the coil and are of a length substantially equalto the length of the completed springs which it is desired to form. Thetwo sections of the clamp b b are fixed with re spect to the length ofthe coil; but the sections of the clamp c c are movable toward and fromthe other clamp, so that when the coil is inclosed by the two clamps theclamp 0 may be moved toward the clamp 5, and the convolutions of thecoil intervening between the two.

clamps will be closed together, as clearly illustratedin Fig. l. Thesections of the movable clamp 0 0 are mounted upon slides Z Z, that aretransversely secured to the plates (2 their :keepers on the bed ofthemaehine and move the clamp c 0 toward and from the fixed clamp 6 b.The connections between the sections of the clamp c 0 and theiroperatingbars z' should be such as to permit the sec,

tions of the clamp to move apart with the corresponding sections of thefixed clamp.

A convenient arrangement for this purpose is shown at 0 0 in Fig. 1,where it will be seen that each section of the clamp has atransverseslot into which a pin from the corresponding operating-barprojects, so that the clamp-sections are free to move sidewise relativeto theoperating-bars and are also at all times movable toward and fromthe fixed clamp by the bars.

The machine may obviouslybedesigned to make'any numberof closures in theconvolu- .tions 10f a coiLand the distance between each closure will bethe length of the completed springs that are to be made out of the coil.in Fig. -1 the closures are rather close together, and the springs aretherefore .comparatively short; but it will be understood that longersprings may be made by arranging the closures to-oome farther apart. Thecoil having been treated in the manner above described presentssubstantially the appearance shown in Fig. iand is then transferred -tothe cuttingmachine illustrated in the :fourth and fifth figures, where ais the bed of the cutting-machine, b is the saw, and :0 a slidingcarrier upon which the saw is mounted and by means of which it is fedforward during the cuttingoperation by a geartrain d, with which thecarrier is provided. At the-opposite end of the machine there isprovided a clamp to hold the coil during the cutting operation. Thisclamp is composed of fixed semicylindrical seetionse a, that are securedto a bracket f, erected on the bed of the :machine, and movable sectionsg 9, that are similar in construction to the fixed sections and arecarried by IOdS'lL' it, sliding in hearings in the bracket f, to whichthe fixed .sections are secured. The sections-g g of the clamp arearranged to be moved toward and from-the fixed sections, so as to openthe clamp to receive the coil and close upon it to hold it-during thecutting operation, and this movement of the sections g g is effected bypivoted levers e" a", that are connected at their upper ends to the rodsIt It and are oscillated by grooved cam-disks Z? Z." on a shaft 7/,which is connected by gearing m to the main shaft n of the machine andwhich the operator may control byalevero. The connection between therods 7/ l2 and the upper end of the levers t" 2" preferably has springsa? (L2 included therein. so that the COll may be gripped 1n the clamp bya yielding pressure.

As will be seen in Fig. 4, the clamp for the coil is cylindrical and isarranged parallel to the shaft of the saw, so that the axis of the coilduring the cutting operation will be perpendicular to the plane of thesaw. The saw passes into a slit 7) in the coil-holding clamp, and thecoil is adjusted in the clamp so that one of the convolutions at thepoint where the coil is closed will-come opposite the slit. hen,therefore, the saw is fed forward, the coil is severed in a plane whichis perpendicular to its axis and forms the same sort of a cut andsurface that 1s contemplated in the patent above referred to.

As the invention herein consists wholly 1n the method, it is not to beunderstood aslimited to the employment of the particular C0111-.pressingand cutting machines herein illustrated, these machines beingincluded herein merely for the purpose of illustmting the practicalcarrying-out of the method.

The coil should be taken from the ceilingmachine and put in thecompressor while hot, and the best results are obtained also by sawingit whilehot; but theinventionisnotlimited to treating the coil at anyparticular temperature.

Having thus described our invention, what weclaim is In the art ofmaking spiral coiled springs, the herein-described improvement,consisting in winding a length of rod or wire into an open coil,clamping the coil at predetermined points so as to prevent certain ofthe convolu'tions from closing, squeezing or pinching the coil endwiseto close the unelamped convolutions, and then severing the coil bycutting clear across it in a plane perpendicular to its axis at thepoints where its convolutions were closed.

In testimony whereof We affix-our signatures in presence of :twowitnesses.

FRED H. DANIELS. C. S. MARSHALL. Witnesses:

A. F. BACKLIN, T. M. LA'lI-IAM.

